Mutation

Survival of the Sickest Chp 6: Mutations occur during cell reproduction, and this morning glory is a mutated specimen. The rate of mutation creation speeds up during times of stress- special jumping genes pick up and start inserting themselves into other gene sequences to prompt mutation. This flower may or may not have become a seed at a time of stress and change for its parent plant. 

From Chp 3 of Your Inner Fish: If a piece of tissue called the ZPA from the pinky side of a hand moves to the other side during gestation, a mirror image set of fingers grows on the new transplanted side. The ZPA contains special genes, called Sonic Hedgehog genes. If a concentration of Vitamin A is injected into an embryo during the right stage of development, a hedgehog mutation occurs. What happened to the child was either a malfunctioning ZPA or a mutation in the Sonic Hedgehog gene.